The rules for cat and dog owners in Laval are becoming tougher in 2018.

As of Jan. 1, all dogs and cats over six months old will have to be sterilized.

The sterilization is mandatory, unless the pet owner is able to get a veterinarian's letter. This is being done to help curb the problem of overpopulation, Laval officials say.

Pet owners are being told that the procedure can benefit the pets’ health and behaviour. The city estimates the cost will be about two per cent of the lifetime cost of having a pet.

Starting in 2019, all pets will have to be microchipped as well. Laval said microchipping could help resolve ownership disputes, and help city officials identify stray animal owners, thus reducing the number of stray cats and dogs being euthanized.

The city has not said what the fine will be for not complying with these new rules, but other pet-related penalties range from $30 for property damage done by a pet, to $1,000 for dog fights. Fines can double for repeat offenders.

With a report from CTV Montreal’s Max Harrold