OTTAWA -- Federal officials are blocking a pro-democracy activist from Canadian citizenship because a Russian court convicted her for blog posts criticizing the Russian army and opposing Moscow's invasion of Ukraine.
Maria Kartasheva said she fears being deported to a Russian prison after Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada pulled her out her citizenship ceremony last June and told her it needs to determine if the Russian charges are also a crime in Canada.
"There are a lot of people in Russia who oppose this war, and most of them are scared to speak up because of situations like mine," Kartasheva said in an interview Friday.
She left Russia in 2019 because of rising authoritarianism, and is now a tech worker in Ottawa who co-founded a grassroots activist group for democracy in Russia.
As first reported by CBC News, Kartasheva, 30, learned via her family that in late 2022 that she was charged by Russian authorities with a wartime offence of disseminating "deliberately false information" about Russia forces.
The charges related to two blog posts she wrote in March 2022 while living in Canada in which she expressed horror at Russian troops killing Ukrainians in the town of Bucha. The UN human-rights office said that attack included "unlawful killings, including summary executions, of at least 50 civilians."
Kartasheva notified Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada about the charges and the department's records show she uploaded translated Russian court documents last May. Days later the department gave her an invitation to her citizenship ceremony, which was to be virtual.
On June 7, 2023, she logged into the ceremony alongside her husband. In the pre-interview that takes place before someone is allowed into the ceremony room, they were asked if anyone had been criminally charged, as part of a list of standard questions.
When she explained what had happened, an official would not let her proceed with the ceremony.
"I got very scared when I saw the look on the person's face, that they obviously didn't understand. How is that possible that no one read my letter," Kartasheva said.
Her husband went ahead and was given his citizenship.
"I felt kind of heartbroken. But I was trying to also stay positive, because it was my husband's ceremony still, and so I didn't want to ruin the day for him," she said.
Last month, the department sent her a letter, saying that her conviction in Russia aligns with a Criminal Code offence in Canada relating to false information.
"If committed in Canada, this offence would equate to False information under subsection 372(1) of the Criminal Code of Canada," the letter reads. That clause relates to knowingly conveying false information that means to injure or alarm someone.
"That was pretty scary, because that's when I realized that there is actually a risk that I might get deported — that I might actually end up in a Russian jail," Kartasheva said. "People who end up there for political reasons often don't survive it."
Kartasheva has submitted an explanation in her case and is awaiting a response. She is asking them to reconsider their decision to block her from citizenship.
Immigration Minister Marc Miller's office would not say whether he plans to intervene.
"We wouldn't have comment on specific cases as matters of privacy," a spokeswoman said in an email.
The department says it follows procedural fairness while insisting it had carefully reviewed Kartasheva's case.
"Following standard procedures, foreign charges or convictions are carefully examined to determine whether the offence committed would have been an indictable offence under Canadian federal law," wrote spokeswoman Isabelle Dubois.
"Individuals involved would be offered an opportunity to explain what transpired and provide any other information related to the charge or conviction, and the officer would take that information into account when making their decision," Dubois wrote.
Russian judge Elena Lenskaya, who is sanctioned by Canada, arrested Kartasheva in absentia.
This past November, the Basmanny District Court in Moscow, which Canada has also sanctioned, issued Kartasheva an eight-year imprisonment sentence, also in absentia, through another judge.
According to Russian human-rights group OVD-Info, more than 19,000 people have been detained at antiwar protests resulting in more than 850 criminal cases. Many face multiple years in jail for referring to Russia's invasion as a war.
Kartasheva said that's why she uses her freedom in Canada to speak up online. Now she worried Canada will bar her from citizenship and move to deport her to Russia, on the basis of having a criminal conviction abroad.
"It is very scary, to realize that I might end up in jail on political charges."
