DEVIGHAT, Nepal -- Rescue teams and military helicopters searched Thursday for hundreds of missing people along the Nepal-China border, where a deadly torrent of water and mud several stories high swept through communities a day earlier following a glacier collapse. Videos of the disaster showed people running before the floodwaters swallowed them up and washed out buildings and bridges. More than 360 people were killed, police said, and more than 1,300 were missing, including scores of foreigners and pilgrims. Hundreds of others have been displaced across the Himalayan region. The steep slopes and lush valleys below the Himalayan mountain range -- home to many of the world’s highest peaks and remaining glaciers -- are especially vulnerable to flooding and landslides. Melting glaciers have become more common because of human-caused climate change. Images showed what appeared to be the second floors of buildings in Nepal’s hard-hit Nuwakot district slathered in mud after the torrent rushed by. Riverbanks and village streets were covered in mud. Debris hung from tree branches and wires. Vehicles were buried, and some stunned survivors were caked in mud. Before-and-after images aired by state broadcaster China Central Television showed a multistory building and more than a dozen vehicles covered in mud. A two-lane road running along a river in a valley in Tibet’s Shigatse prefecture was completely buried. Aerial footage also showed that a lake had formed and expanded on the China-Nepal border. Nirajan Paudyal, a journalist based in Nepal’s capital of Kathmandu, worried for his parents and other relatives in the district’s village of Soley. “I fear there won’t be any update,” Paudyal said. Helicopters were deployed for rescue because roads were damaged The disaster has left at least 910 people missing in Nepal. Authorities in Tibet, an autonomous region of China, reported at least three dead and 558 missing. Nepalese officials said that dozens of bridges were destroyed and nearly 40 kilometres (25 miles) of roads were damaged, complicating search efforts. The Nepalese army has rescued more than 100 people by helicopter, army spokesperson Brig. Gen. Raja Ram Basnet said. Army teams also evacuated people trapped inside facilities linked to the Trishuli hydropower project, he added. Dozens of injured people have been transported to Kathmandu for medical care. Rescuers found bodies in Chitwan district hundreds of kilometres (miles) downstream from the hardest-hit areas. Bishal Kumar Bhandari, chairman of the Nepal Red Cross Society, said the agency has shifted its focus from rescue to large-scale relief operations in the flood-hit districts. He said that around 1,200 people were displaced from at least three villages. In Tibet, a mudslide that struck Wednesday near the land border crossing of Gyirong Port left mud in the surrounding areas that was more than 1 1/2 metres (5 feet) deep on average, Chinese state broadcaster CCTV reported. Roads leading to the crossing were all damaged, while secondary collapses or landslides might occur as rain continued in the area, it added. China’s premier, Li Qiang, arrived Thursday in Gyirong to direct rescue efforts, alongside 500 military and paramilitary personnel. Military helicopter circled overhead, searching for survivors, assessing the disaster and mapping out possible rescue and evacuation routes. Chinese authorities also warned that a lake at the confluence of the Tsogyal and the Purupqiangzangbu rivers is overflowing and may burst. The United Nations’ humanitarian chief, Tom Fletcher, announced Thursday on X that he ordered the release of US$2 million from the UN’s Central Emergency Response Fund to help with medical care, shelter and water. He called the floods “horrifying.” “We pledge to support national efforts to deliver emergency aid and support,” UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres told reporters. More than 1,300 are missing, including hundreds of foreigners Many are still waiting to hear if their loved ones are alive. Shova Shrestha, 33, has spent more than a day seeking word of her husband, Rajan Shrestha. She said his phone rang when she first called after the floods, but it later became unreachable. Since then, she has watched every helicopter that landed in Bidur, the capital of Nuwakot district, hoping he might be among the survivors. “I keep looking at each helicopter, hoping he will step out of it,” Shova said. Among the missing are 517 foreigners, according to Nepal’s tourism board. They include 178 people from India, more than 60 from the U.S. and people from 30 other countries, including Ukraine, the U.K., South Africa and Japan, the board said. Many of the missing may have been on a pilgrimage to Mount Kailash in Tibet, a sacred site for Hindus, Buddhists and others. Seventy-seven people from one pilgrimage group were caught in the floods at the immigration office at the border, according to a post on X from Indian spiritual guru Sadhguru Jaggi Vasudev. A visibly emotional Sadhguru said in a video that the group included 22 Americans and others from various countries. He said that there was no official information on their whereabouts. The U.S. State Department said 90 Americans are unaccounted for in China and Nepal after the flood. The department said it was unaware of any U.S. deaths and that three Americans had been rescued. The Indian Ministry of External Affairs said Thursday that 288 of their nationals, including some workers on a power project, were missing. Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Lin Jian said that nearly 100 Chinese citizens were missing in Nepal. According to preliminary information, 260 of those missing in Tibet were foreigners, he said. A glacier collapse may have caused floods The U.S. Geological Survey first reported a magnitude 4.4 earthquake early Wednesday, about 65 kilometres (40 miles) north of Kathmandu, near the border. The agency later updated its analysis to say the seismic event was instead a magnitude 5.2 glacier collapse that sent debris flowing downstream. Climate experts at the Kathmandu-based International Center for Integrated Mountain Development said an avalanche from a glacier likely caused Wednesday’s flash flood. In an emailed statement, they said water levels at one point on the Trishuli River rose by as much as 9 metres (27 feet) in half an hour. The increasingly unstable Himalayan ice system threatens communities, infrastructure and water supplies across one of the world’s most densely populated regions. The region saw similar flash floods in August 2025, when a glacial lake in Tibet overflowed because of high temperatures. Nine people were killed, and critical infrastructure, including a bridge connecting Nepal and China, was damaged. Niranjan Shrestha and Shristi Kafle, The Associated Press Kafle reported from Kathmandu, Nepal. Associated Press journalists Upendra Mansingh in Nuwakot District, Nepal; Kanis Leung in Hong Kong; Aijaz Hussain in Srinagar, India; Rod McGuirk in Melbourne, Australia; Eileen Ng in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Ali Swenson and Edith Ledere in New York; Matthew Lee in Washington; and Charlotte Graham-McLay in Wellington, New Zealand, contributed to this report.
